An echocardiogram uses sound waves to produce images of the heart. This common test is used to identify problems with the valves or chambers of the heart, and assess if heart problems are the cause of symptoms such as shortness of breath or chest pain.
心电图, 缩写为EKG或ECG, is a test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. The ECG will demonstrate how long the electrical wave takes to pass through the heart to determine if the electrical activity is normal or slow, 快还是不规律. This test will also show if parts of the heart are too large or are overworked.
A multi-graded acquisition (MUGA) scan is a test that utilizes a radioactive tracer (called a radionuclide) and a special camera to take pictures of the heart as it pumps blood. The test measures how well the heart pumps with every heartbeat. This test may be completed for investigation of chest pain, 呼吸困难, 疲劳, 和头晕.
A stress test shows how the heart works during physical activity. An exercise stress test usually involves walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike while the heart rhythm, 监测血压和呼吸. Sometimes, a drug that mimics the effects of exercise is given instead. A nuclear stress test allows for visualization of the heart while during rest and after exercise. 该测试可以显示心室的大小, 心脏供血情况如何, 以及心脏是否有受损或死亡的肌肉. Nuclear stress tests can also provide information about whether arteries are narrowed or blocked because of coronary artery disease.
Capsule endoscopy is a procedure that uses a tiny wireless camera to take pictures of the digestive tract. A capsule endoscopy camera sits inside a vitamin-size capsule. 当胶囊穿过消化道时, the camera takes thousands of pictures that are transmitted to a recorder the patient wears on a belt around the waist.
Several carbohydrate breath tests can be utilized to assess carbohydrate malabsorption (lactose, 果糖, 蔗糖), or identify patients with small bowel bacterial overgrowth. Breath testing relies on the intestinal bacteria to metabolize various carbohydrates producing hydrogen and/or methane and leading to the release of measurable levels of these gases in exhaled air from the lungs.
结肠镜检查 is a common and safe test to examine the lining of the large bowel. This procedure is often done under sedation to assure maximal patient comfort. 结肠镜检查可以检测出克罗恩病, 并能治疗溃疡性结肠炎和息肉, 结直肠出血, 和束缚.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a specialized technique used to study and treat problems of the liver, 胰腺和, 有时, 胆囊. ERCP在镇静状态下进行. ERCP可用于清除阻塞的胆结石, 并调查黄疸的原因, 肝酶升高, 胰腺炎(胰腺的炎症).
痔条带 is a non-surgical approach to treat hemorrhoids. The procedure places a small rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid, which causes it to shrink down and eventually fall off. This procedure can successfully treat hemorrhoids in just three office visits. 它不需要镇静, 这是无痛的, there is no preparation or fasting needed prior to the hemorrhoid banding procedure and the entire process only takes minutes. This method allows patients to return to their normal routine after each procedure.
An upper endoscopy allows for examination of the lining of the upper part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, 包括食道, stomach and duodenum (first portion of the small intestine). Upper endoscopy is often done under sedation to assure maximal patient comfort. Upper endoscopy can be performed to evaluate persistent upper abdominal pain, 恶心想吐, 呕吐或吞咽困难. Upper endoscopy can also be used to detect Barrett's esophagus (a possibly precancerous alteration in the esophageal lining), 检测和活检胃肠道肿瘤, 治疗出血, and detect and treat symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
支气管镜检查 is a procedure that allows for the visualization of the lungs and air passages. 在支气管镜检查, a thin tube (bronchoscope) is passed through the nose or mouth, 顺着喉咙进入肺部. 支气管镜检查 is usually done to find the cause of a lung problems and can also treat some medical problems.
多导睡眠描记术, also called a sleep study, is a test used to diagnose sleep disorders. 多导睡眠图记录脑电波, 血液中的含氧量, 心率和呼吸, 以及在研究过程中眼睛和腿的运动.
多导睡眠描记术 monitors the sleep stages and cycles to identify if or when sleep patterns are disrupted and why.
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are noninvasive tests that show how well the lungs are working. The tests measure lung volume, capacity, rates of flow, and gas exchange. This information can help diagnose and decide the treatment of certain lung disorders.